Tushen rasberi gardama: hanyoyin mu'amala da ma'abocin son berries mai daɗi
A cikin bazara da lokacin rani, yawancin lambu suna mamakin tambayar wane irin kwaro ne rasberi gardawa, yadda za a magance shi tare da ingantattun hanyoyin. Kwayoyin cuta na iya saurin lalata amfanin gona na berries masu ƙamshi, kuma wahalar kawar da shi ya kasance saboda ƙananan girmansa da alamun kamuwa da cuta.
Abubuwa
- Bayanin kwaro rasberi kara gardama
- Yadda ƙuda mai tushe ke shiga cikin rasberi
- Alamun lalacewar bushes rasberi tashi
- Menene illar rasberi ya tashi
- Hanyoyin sarrafa gardama na Rasberi
- Siffofin yaƙi da rasberi tashi a lokuta daban-daban na shekara
- Rigakafin kwari da kula da rasberi
- Kwari resistant rasberi iri
Bayanin kwaro rasberi kara gardama
Rasberi ko ƙuda mai tushe shine kwaro na raspberries da blackberries. Domin gane wannan parasite a cikin lokaci, kuna buƙatar fahimtar yadda yake kama da kuma menene siffofinsa.
Rasberi gardama yayi kama da tsaka-tsakin talakawa, girmansa bai wuce 5-7 mm ba. Launin jikin yana da launin toka-launin ruwan kasa, jiki an saukar da shi, kafafu baƙar fata ne, fuka-fuki suna da haske.
Haihuwa da matakan ci gaba
Yadda ƙuda mai tushe ke shiga cikin rasberi
Dalili na tashi don shiga cikin raspberries shine kurakurai na fasahar noma.
Unguwa mara kyau | Ba'a ba da shawarar shuka raspberries kusa da tsohuwar shuka iri ɗaya ba, blackberries, meadowsweet da meadowsweet. Dukansu suna da sauƙin kai hari daga kuda mai tushe, don haka galibi duk tsiron da ke kusa suna kamuwa da cutar. |
An ƙaddamar da rasberi | Kwayoyin cuta sun fi son shuka mai yawa, don haka kuna buƙatar kawar da ciyawa da tarkace shuka a cikin lokaci, da kuma yanke bushes. |
Aphid infestation | Kudancin rasberi yana jan hankalin ƙamshi masu daɗi, gami da saƙar zuma da aphids ke bayarwa. Idan ba ku kawar da kwaro na farko ba, to, mafi mahimmanci, na biyu zai bayyana nan da nan. |
Rashin ingancin taki | Larvae kwaro na iya shiga cikin ƙasa tare da humus, wanda aka yi amfani dashi azaman taki don raspberries. |
Alamun lalacewar bushes rasberi tashi
A waje, shan kashi na gardawan rasberi yayi kama da haka:
- rataye saman mai tushe;
- wilting na ganye daga sama zuwa kasa;
- tserewa bushewa;
- m inuwa na mai tushe.
Menene illar rasberi ya tashi
Babban haɗari ga berries bushes shine tsutsa na parasites. Suna shafar farkon harbe-harbe masu ƙarfi na shuka, sakamakon abin da shuka ba zai iya ci gaba da ci gabanta na yau da kullun ba. Halin abinci na dabi'a na saman tushe yana damuwa, yayin da kwaro ya cinye dukkanin tushen tushe kuma ya kai ga tushen tsarin. Ganyen suna bushewa, daga baya kuma karan da kansa ya bushe ya mutu.
Hanyoyin sarrafa gardama na Rasberi
Wajibi ne a fara yaƙi da ƙwanƙwasa mai tushe tare da hanyoyin farko. Wannan shine dubawar harbe-harbe da kuma kawar da duk sassan da suka lalace. Sa'an nan za ku iya ci gaba zuwa ƙarin ayyuka masu aiki: don kawar da kwaro, masu lambu suna amfani da maganin kwari, shirye-shiryen nazarin halittu da girke-girke na jama'a.
Maganin kwari
Ana amfani da mahadi na sinadarai duka biyu don halakar kwari kai tsaye, da kuma rigakafin faruwar su. Wajibi ne a tuna game da matakan tsaro lokacin amfani da irin waɗannan kwayoyi: yana da kyau a gudanar da magani a cikin kwanciyar hankali, girgije, amma yanayin ruwan sama.
Hakanan ya kamata a fahimci cewa duk maganin kashe kwari abubuwa ne masu guba, don haka kuna buƙatar yin aiki sanye da kayan kariya, abin rufe fuska da safar hannu.
Ilimin halittu
Akwai kuma mafi aminci, magungunan halittu. Tasirin su ya ɗan ragu kaɗan idan aka kwatanta da sinadarai, amma ana iya amfani da su cikin aminci sau da yawa marasa iyaka a kowace kakar.
Shahararrun masu aikin lambu sun sami waɗannan abubuwan haɗin gwiwa
Magungunan magungunan gargajiya
Kwari suna tashi a cikin raspberries, suna mai da hankali kan wari. Don ɓatar da su, wajibi ne a yi amfani da wasu abubuwa masu wari, alal misali, birch tar.
A girke-girke kamar haka:
- Zuba 10 gr. a cikin gilashin ruwa. ruwan 'ya'yan itace da kuma 30 ml. ruwa sabulu, Mix sosai.
- Ƙara ruwa zuwa ƙarar lita 10.
- A hankali bi da ganye, harbe da ƙasa a ƙarƙashin shuka.
Masu lambu kuma suna sane da wasu girke-girke mai tsauri mai tsalle-tsalle:
- spraying tare da maganin mustard (narke 1 tablespoon na mustard foda a cikin lita 10 na ruwan dumi);
- jiyya tare da decoction na tansy (narke 300 g na babban bangaren a cikin lita 3-5 kuma tafasa don minti 20-30, sannan sanyi da iri);
- dasa amfanin gona mai kaifi kusa da raspberries - tafarnuwa da albasa.
Tarkuna
Hakanan, ana iya samun sakamako mai kyau tare da taimakon tarkuna. Kuna iya yin su da kanku: rataya kwalabe na filastik tare da ramummuka a cikin bushes na rasberi. Zuba duk wani ruwa mai wari mai ɗauke da sukari a cikin kwalabe: compote, ruwan 'ya'yan itace, giya, maganin zuma. Mafi tsananin wari, yana da kyau ga kwari, don haka idan ruwan ya yi zafi a cikin zafi, ya fi kyau.
Siffofin yaƙi da rasberi tashi a lokuta daban-daban na shekara
Zaɓin hanyoyin da za a magance gardamar rasberi ya kamata a dogara da lokacin shekara.
Rigakafin kwari da kula da rasberi
Yana da sauƙin lura da rigakafin bayyanar gardawan rasberi fiye da magance mamayewarsa daga baya. Matakan da ke biyowa za su rage haɗarin kwaro mai ban haushi a kan rukunin:
- Regular ciyar da dace watering na bushes. Tsirrai masu lafiya sun fi juriya ga ƙwayoyin cuta.
- Thinning na matasa harbe. Ba za a yarda da kututturen rasberi ba, saboda suna da yanayi mai dadi sosai don haifuwa da ci gaban kwari.
- Dasa tsire-tsire masu kamshi kusa da raspberries - elderberry, coriander, marigolds, seleri. Tare da ƙanshin su, za su haifar da shinge mai kariya - ƙwayoyin cuta ba za su iya kama warin raspberries ba kuma ba za su same su ba.
- Tsaftace tarkacen shuka, ragowar ganye da tsofaffin harbe. Idan akwai ciyawa a ƙasa, dole ne a canza shi zuwa sabo a cikin lokaci.
Kwari resistant rasberi iri
Yawancin ya dogara da nau'in rasberi. Masu shayarwa suna da nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in kwari. Tsakanin su:
- Zorenka;
- kararrawa;
- Balm;
- Ruby;
- Falcon;
- Bangaskiya