Kwancen hunturu: hotuna da siffofi na yanayin kwaro
Kwancen hunturu yana haifar da haɗari ga tsire-tsire. Ana kiransa da nau'in nibbling. Abubuwan da ke cikin wannan nau'in shine juriya ga sanyi da kuma ikon tsira a cikin hunturu. Kwarin yana ciyar da amfanin gona da yawa kuma yana haifar da babbar illa.
Abubuwa
Menene tsinkar hunturu yayi kama da: hoto
Bayanin tsinkayar hunturu
name: ruwan sanyi
Yaren Latin:Agrotis segetumClass Kwari - Kwari
Kama: Lepidoptera - Lepidoptera
Iyali: Owls - Noctuidae
 | Wuraren zama: | a duk faɗin duniya |
 | Mai haɗari ga: | beets, hatsi, gero, sunflower |
 | Hanyar halaka: | jama'a, sunadarai da shirye-shiryen nazarin halittu |
Mujiya hunturu.
Wingspan daga 34 zuwa 45 mm. Fuskokin gaba suna da launin ruwan kasa ko kusan baki a launi tare da tabo mai siffar koda, zagaye da siffa. Waɗannan wuraren suna kewaye da iyaka mai duhu. Hindwings suna da haske mai launin toka. Suna iya zama kusan fari. Suna da bakin bakin duhu mai duhu daga gefen waje. Matan suna da eriya masu kama da bristle.
Kwai yana da launin rawaya mai haske. A diamita ne daga 0,5 zuwa 0,6 mm, akwai radial hakarkarinsa (daga 44 zuwa 47). Pupae suna da tsayin 10 zuwa 20 mm tare da tinge ja-launin ruwan kasa. Bangaren ciki na ƙarshe tare da spines 2.
Caterpillars sun kai 52 mm. Su launin toka ne na ƙasa. Da wuya kore. Suna da sheen mai mai. Jiki mai ratsan duhu guda biyu kusa da juna a cikin babba da sutures na gaba kusa da occiput.
Tsarin rayuwa da salon rayuwa
Ayyukan yana faruwa da dare. Dare mai duhu da kwanciyar hankali tare da zafin jiki na akalla digiri 12 yana ba da gudummawa ga haɓakar jirgin. Asu suna ciyar da nectar na tsire-tsire na zuma. Da rana, mazauninsu shine ganyen ciyayi da dunƙulewar ƙasa.
A kan ƙasa na Tarayyar Rasha, kwaro yana tasowa a cikin tsararraki ɗaya a cikin yankin tsakiya da arewacin yankunan. Yankin tsararraki biyu ana iya kiran shi yankin kudu. Yankin arewa yana nuna ci gaba daga kwanaki 90 zuwa 100, kuma iyakar kudu daga kwanaki 24 zuwa 36.
Sunan wannan nau'in yana da alaƙa da juriya ga sanyi ya rage digiri 11. A wannan lokacin, caterpillar yana cikin ƙasa (zurfin daga 10 zuwa 25 cm). Katar da ta cika da sanyi ta tashi ta haihu a cikin ɗakin ƙasa mai santsi.
Jirgin sama a yankunan arewa ya fadi a farkon watan Yuli, kuma a cikin yankunan kudancin - a karshen Afrilu. Mafi kyawun tsarin zafin jiki shine daga 15 zuwa 25 digiri. Yanayin zafi daga 50 zuwa 80%.
Yawan shuke-shuken furanni yana shafar haihuwa asu. An sami raguwar yawan jama'a tare da rashi. Malamin makaranta na iya yin ƙwai da kansa ko tare da ƙaramin yanki. Wurin kwanciya shine kasan ciyawar. Wadannan sun hada da bindweed, plantain, shuka thistle. Hakanan zaɓi ragowar shuka ko ƙasa mai dumi. Ya kamata wurin ya kasance da ƙasa maras kyau.
Matar tana iya yin kwai har 500. Kalmar ci gaban amfrayo daga 3 zuwa 17 kwanaki. Wannan yana shafar yanayin zafi. Yanayin zafin jiki na kimanin digiri 30 na zafi yana nuna kwanaki 4, da digiri 12 - kimanin kwanaki 24.
Katapillar tana cikin ƙasa. Ruwan sama kamar da bakin kwarya ya kai ga mutuwar matasa. Da farko, suna cin abinci akan ciyawa, suna cinye ganyen da ke ƙasa. Bayan haka, suna ciyar da tsire-tsire da aka noma.
Muhimmancin tattalin arziki
Cutworm.
Ɗauren lokacin hunturu suna da ƙoshin abinci na musamman da wadata. Caterpillar yana lalata alkama da hatsin hunturu. Yana gnaws ta cikin mai tushe. Wannan yana cike da raguwar amfanin gona. Suna ciyar da tushen gwoza, wanda ke haifar da saurin girma da rage nauyin 'ya'yan itace. A cikin al'adun kayan lambu, suna tara ramuka a cikin ganyayen ganye ko kuma su cinye su gaba ɗaya.
A yankunan tsakiya da arewacin Tarayyar Rasha, tana ciyar da hatsin rai da dankali, kuma a yankin kudancin, yana ciyar da masara, taba, gero, da hatsi.
Yadda za a magance lokacin hunturu
Hanyoyin yaƙi da tsutsotsi masu jure sanyi sun haɗa da tsuntsun tsuntsu, amfani da amintattun hanyoyin jama'a ko sinadarai, tare da lalacewa mai tsanani.
Hanyoyin sarrafa sinadarai da halittu
Ba a ba da shawarar yin maganin kayan lambu tare da sinadarai ba. Ya isa sanya yankakken fari ko gauze na yau da kullun, bindweed kusa da gadaje. Ana fesa pre-weed da sinadarai.
Hanyoyi na gari
Don tsoratar da malam buɗe ido, ana dasa calendula, cilantro, Basil a tsakanin kayan lambu. Kwari ba zai iya jure warin tsire-tsire irin su albasa, burdock, saman dankalin turawa, tafarnuwa, da tsutsa. Zaɓi ɗaya daga cikin tsire-tsire kuma haɗa tare da ruwa a cikin rabo na 1: 2. Nace kwana 3. Ƙara zuwa lita 5 na ruwa. Ana shafa sabulun wanki (30 g) sannan a zuba a cikin hadin. Fesa tare da tazara na kwanaki 7.
Daga cikin Hanyoyi 6 don magance mujiya, kowa zai sami tasiri.
Matakan hanyoyin kariya
Don magance kwari:
- madadin al'adu;
- yi noma da wuri bayan tarin tsire-tsire masu tara nitrogen;
- ana shuka amfanin gona a cikin yankuna;
- share gefen hanya daga busassun ciyawa;
- lura da juyawa amfanin gona;
- aiwatar da kwari da la'akari da ciyayi;
- gudanar da aikin noman kaka;
- ana sarrafa tubers kafin dasa shuki;
- lalata ciyawa;
- hanyoyin hanyoyin;
- sassauta ƙasa.
ƙarshe
Lokacin da caterpillars na hunturu scoops bayyana, suka fara fesa shuke-shuke. Gudanarwa zai taimaka wajen adana amfanin gona, kuma matakan rigakafi zai hana bayyanar kwari.
A baya