Hanyoyi 4 don kawar da aphids baƙar fata cikin sauri da sauƙi
An rarraba aphid baƙar fata a matsayin nau'in keɓewa. Da farko, ƙasarta ta kasance Arewacin Amirka. Duk da haka, 2 ƙarni da suka wuce, an kawo kwari zuwa Turai. Kwaro yana da sunansa zuwa launin ja na kyallen jikin jiki.
Abubuwa
Bayanin baƙar fata aphid
name: Black ko ceri aphid
Yaren Latin:Myzus cerasiClass Kwari - Insecta
Guba mara kyau: Hemiptera - Hemiptera
Iyali: Aphids na gaske - Aphididae
 | Wuraren zama: | yanayin yanayi |
 | Ayyukan: | m yana shafar itatuwan 'ya'yan itace |
 | cutarwa: | barazanar asarar amfanin gona har zuwa 60% |
Tsarin rayuwa
Wurin hunturu na larvae shine tushen bishiyoyin apple, fashe a cikin haushi da kututturewa. Farkon ruwan sap ya zo daidai da sakin tsutsa. Suna cikin kambi, tsotse ruwan 'ya'yan itace daga itace da haushi.
Hatching na masu kafa yana faruwa a cikin bazara. An yi imani da elm na Amurka shine asalin rundunar nau'in a Arewacin Amirka. A kan shi ne aka kafa masu kafa, waɗanda ke samar da tsarar fuka-fuki.
A yanayin zafi ƙasa da digiri 20 ƙasa da sifili, tsutsa ta mutu. Farkawa yana faruwa a 7 digiri Celsius. A ma'aunin Celsius 14, ana fara cin abinci. Ci gaba yana faruwa a cikin kwanaki 20 - 25.
Mafi qarancin lokacin ci gaba shine kwanaki 10. Wannan yana yiwuwa a ƙarshen Yuni - tsakiyar watan Agusta. Mafi yawan ƙarni na farko. Suna samar da tsutsa har 200. Sauran al'ummomin ba su ba da fiye da mutane 50 ba.
Larvae suna haifar da mata marasa fuka. A cikin hatching, akwai mutane 150. Bayan makonni 3, tsutsa ta zama mata. Mayu shine lokacin bayyanar mata masu fuka-fuki. A cikin yanayin zafi, tsutsa sun zauna a kan tushen kuma suna ci gaba da bunkasa.
Wuri da rarrabawa
Aphid na jini yana zaune a Yammacin Baltic, Transcarpathia, yankunan kudancin Ukraine, Moldova, Caucasus, Asiya ta Tsakiya, Yammacin Turai, Amurka, Afirka, Australia, da Transnistria. A gabashi da yammacin Turai, iyakar arewa tana cikin waɗancan yankuna inda yanayin zafi a lokacin hunturu bai fi digiri 4 ƙasa da sifili ba.
A m ne contraindicated a fari. Ana samun sauƙaƙan yawan jama'a ta wurin yanayi mai ɗanɗano da inuwa.
Muhimmancin tattalin arziki
Black aphid.
Tsotsar ruwan 'ya'yan itace yana samar da nodular thickenings - nodules. Suna girma kuma ulcers suna bayyana. Irin raunukan suna nan akan tushen. Ulcer suna cike da ƙwayoyin cuta masu lalacewa, waɗanda ke haifar da mutuwa. Itacen balagagge bayan shekaru biyu baya yin 'ya'yan itace kuma ya bushe.
A cikin Amurka, baƙar fata aphids suna ciyar da apple, hawthorn, elm, da ash dutse. A nahiyarmu, yana haifar da barazana ga itatuwan apple da ceri. Yawancin nau'ikan al'adu masu taushi. Hakanan zai iya lalata pear da peach.
Hanyoyin sarrafawa da rigakafi
Don rigakafi, tabbatar da sassauta ƙasa kuma bincika kayan shuka.
- Wajibi ne a kiyaye lambun da tsabta, a kai a kai a datse saman kuma tsaftace tsohuwar haushi, rufe bishiyoyin da aka shafa da yashi ko toka a farkon bazara.
- Hakanan zaka iya amfani da lemun tsami. A ma'adinai-man emulsion kafin buds kumbura zai ba da sakamako mai kyau.
- A cikin kaka, ana bi da su da maganin sabulu-taba. Kuna iya jawo hankalin abokan gaba na halitta. Wannan shi ne aphelinus parasite. Ya iya halaka dukan mulkin mallaka.
- Ana aiwatar da hanyar sinadarai ta hanyar amfani da pyrethroids, mahaɗan organophosphorus, neonicotinoids, mai ma'adinai, ƙwayoyin kwari tare da nicotine.
Kuna iya shawo kan aphids ta amfani da hanyoyin jama'a ko sinadarai na musamman. Kuna buƙatar zaɓi ɗaya kawai Hanyoyi 26 don magance aphids.
ƙarshe
Black aphids suna lalata cherries da apples apple. Lokacin da aka samo kwari na farko, ana zaɓar ɗaya daga cikin hanyoyin kuma an fara yaƙi da su. Rigakafin lokaci zai hana bayyanar kwari maras so.
