Barn asu - kwaro na ton na tanadi

Asu na hatsi na cikin rukuni na kwari na amfanin gona na hatsi. Ba wai tsutsar hatsi kadai ke cin su ba, har ma da tsutsanta. Kwarin yana lalata amfanin gona na alkama, hatsin rai, legumes.

Menene asu hatsi yayi kama (hoto)

Bayanin kwaro

name: Barn Moth, hatsi ko Gurasa
Yaren Latin: Nemapogon granella

Class Kwari - Kwari
Kama: Lepidoptera - Lepidoptera
Iyali: Asu na gaske - Tineidae

	Wuraren zama:	ajiyar hatsi, gida da Apartment
	Mai haɗari ga:	hatsi, crackers, busassun namomin kaza
	Hanyar halaka:	zafi magani, jama'a hanyoyin, sunadarai

White breadworm (asu hatsi) malam buɗe ido ne na dangin moths, kwaro ne na hannun jari. Hakanan yana lalata samfuran kamar haka:

• namomin kaza;
• mahaukata;
• kayan shuka.

Barn asu tsutsa.

Wurin zama na kwaro shine: granaries, gine-ginen zama. Kwarin yana da kamanni mai zuwa: fuka-fuki na gaba biyu launin toka ne tare da ƴan faci masu duhu. Fuka-fukan baya suna launin ruwan kasa tare da ƙaramin gefuna, tazarar fikafikan shine 14 mm.

Tsawon caterpillar ya kai mm 10, launin rawaya, kai yana launin ruwan kasa. A cikin watanni 12, tsararraki 2 na granary kwaro suna haɓaka.

A cikin lokacin sanyi, parasite na rayuwa a cikin kwakwa. Kwarin da ke cikin ƙarni na farko yana ƙyanƙyashe a cikin Maris. Matar tana cutar da hatsi ta hanyar yin ƙwai.

Ta yaya wannan parasite yake bayyana?

Asu hatsi shine nau'in kwaro na amfanin gona na yau da kullun. Yana zaune a rumbun ajiyar hatsi, masana'anta, filaye, tari da igiyoyi.

Tsarin ci gaba na kwaro yana da wasu peculiarity: caterpillar yana girma ba tare da fahimta ba, saboda yana cikin hatsi. Ana samun ƙwai a cikin kwanaki 28. Wani lokaci lokacin ripening shine kwanaki 4 kuma ya dogara da tsarin zafin jiki. Suna jure wa ƙananan yanayin zafi da zafi mai yawa. Katar da aka ƙyanƙyasa tana hannu kuma tana ɗaukar lokaci mai yawa akan saman hatsi.

Asu hatsi a saman.

A cikin nau'in hatsin rai ɗaya, caterpillar 1 yana daidaita, a cikin hatsin masara lambar su ta kai mutane 2-3. Ramin da kwaro ya shiga cikin irin najasa ne.

Kwayoyin cuta suna lalata wadataccen abinci na hatsi, suna kafa wani rami mai cike da yanar gizo. Yana rarraba hatsi zuwa ɗakuna 2: a cikin farko akwai caterpillar, a cikin na biyu - samfurori na aikinsa mai mahimmanci.

Caterpillar yana zaune a cikin hatsi har zuwa ƙarshen ci gabansa. A yanayin zafin jiki na +10…+12°C, kwaro yana cikin yanayin kwanciyar hankali, wanda ke ɗaukar watanni 5. Danshi abun ciki na hatsi, wajibi ne don wanzuwar caterpillar, dole ne ya zama akalla 15-16%.

Yaya cutarwa da haɗari asu

Asu hatsi.

Farin breadworm kwaro ne da ke lalata alkama, sha'ir, hatsi, shinkafa, dawa, legumes da sauransu. Asu na hatsi yana lalata peas ne kawai idan an adana hatsin a cikin abun ciki na 14%.

Kwaro yana lalata saman Layer na tsaba zuwa zurfin 20 cm. Lokacin da hatsi ya lalace gaba ɗaya ta hanyar asu hatsi, a lokacin bayyanar butterflies, yawan zafin jiki na hatsi ya tashi, wuraren dumama kai da caking. kafa.

Ba a gano matakin farko na lalacewa ga hatsi nan da nan ba, saboda shigarwar da ke cikin hatsin da ya lalace yana da ƙananan.

Maganin ƙwayar cuta ba koyaushe yana lalata kwaro ba; shi, tare da hatsi, yana shiga cikin granary. Ba da da ewa ba caterpillar ya zama chrysalis, daga abin da malam buɗe ido tasowa, kwanciya qwai. Kwaro na granary yana cikin ma'ajin har sai hannun jarin ya kare.

Hanyoyi don yin gwagwarmaya

Don magance asu na hatsi, ana amfani da hanyoyi masu zuwa:

Ana adana hatsi a cikin dakuna na musamman da aka kare daga shigar rodents da tsuntsaye. Ba a hada hatsin sabon amfanin gona da hatsin bara. Ƙayyade ƙimar zafi na samfurori, aiwatar da tsaftacewa a cikin ajiya.

Kada hatsi ya shiga cikin hulɗa tare da murfin bango na waje don hana ruwa, samuwar mold. Wajibi ne don saka idanu masu nuna zafin jiki da zafi, la'akari da lokacin shekara.

Idan an sami asu a cikin dakin, aiwatar da shi ayyuka masu zuwa:

• sarrafa ɗakunan ajiya da ajiya tare da taimakon sinadarai;
• aiwatar da tsaftacewa na injiniya;
• fallasa hatsi zuwa yanayin zafi;
• amfani da fumigants don magance amfanin gona;
• disinfection tare da aerosols.

Hannun jari

Akwai hanyoyi 3 don adana hatsi:

• bushe;
• sanyaya;
  

  Hatsi na buƙatar madaidaicin zafin ajiya.

• mara iska.

A cikin gonaki, ana adana hatsi a sanyi. Wannan hanya tana hana asarar amfanin gona, kwari sun mutu. Don kwantar da samfuran, ana amfani da iskar shaye-shaye, wanda ke aiki a kowane lokaci.

Sanyaya hatsi yana adana sabon amfanin gona. Matsakaicin zafin jiki tsakanin 0 da +12°. A wannan yanayin, ana lura da raguwa kaɗan a cikin nauyin hatsi, wanda ya kai 0,1%.

Kwari yana lalata ingancin samfurin. Idan yawan zafin jiki na hatsi bai wuce +19 ° C ba, aikin asu na hatsi yana ƙaruwa. An tabbatar da amincin girbi ta zazzabi na + 12 ° C da zafi - 18%.

dumama hatsi

Don adana hatsi, ana sarrafa shi da sarrafa shi, wanda ake aiwatar da shi a cikin lif. Yi amfani da bushewa na musamman. Ga kowane al'ada ƙayyade tsarin zafin jiki.

Kafin dumama abincin abinci, dole ne a tsaftace shi. Asu na mutuwa a zafin jiki na +55 ° C, maganin yana ɗaukar minti 10 zuwa 2 hours.

Kayan iri ba shi da zafi, saboda kwari ba sa mutuwa. Don cimma sakamako 100%, ana amfani da dumama mataki biyu. Ana tsoma busasshen hatsi sau biyu a cikin na'urar bushewa sannan a duba kwari.

tsabtace hatsi

Ana tsaftace hatsi ta hanyar rabuwa.

Ana cire asu na hatsi ta hanyar yin amfani da hanyar raba nau'in samfurin daya daga wani. Rabuwa yana ba ku damar lalata ƙwayar hatsi, wanda ke cikin sarari tsakanin tsaba. Ba a yi amfani da wannan hanyar ba idan ya zama dole don sarrafa hatsi mai cutarwa, wanda a ciki akwai kwaro.

Ana tsabtace hatsi masu kamuwa da cuta ta amfani da injuna na musamman tare da tsarin buƙatun da ke hana yaduwar abubuwa masu cutarwa cikin muhalli. Suna lalata moths a cikin hunturu, yayin da suke sanyaya hatsi.

Ba sa sarrafa kwaro na granary a cikin watanni na rani, saboda wannan yana haifar da ƙarin yaduwa.

Hanyoyin sunadarai na lalacewa

Fumigation na sito.

Ana amfani da shirye-shiryen da aka gama don lalata injina, lif, hatsi, hatsi da gari. Idan ɗakin ajiya bai cika da samfurori ba, ana amfani da fumigants da shirye-shiryen aerosol.

A cikin dakin da asu na sito ke zaune, ana amfani da magungunan kashe kwari. Kafin fara aiki, ya kamata mutum yayi la'akari ba kawai nau'in kwari ba, har ma da nau'in ginin, kusancinsa da gine-ginen gudanarwa, gonaki, da dai sauransu.

Ana kula da dakunan da ba kowa da kowa tare da abubuwan da ake kashewa, barin jakunkuna, kaya, da kayan aiki a cikin ma'ajin. Ana aiwatar da aikin kafin fara lodin sabon amfanin gona, la'akari da yanayin iska.

A + 12 ° C, tsutsotsi na granary yana cikin yanayin aiki. Ana amfani da sprayers don tsabtace sinadaran rigar. Asu na hatsi yana mutuwa bayan haɗuwa da ruwa mai kashe kwayoyin cuta.

sarrafa rigar

Ana iya cire tsutsa asu da ƙwai ta hanyar sarrafa rigar. Wajibi ne don ƙara 1 tsp zuwa ruwa. 0,9% vinegar. Ana wanke kwandon da aka adana hatsi a cikinsa ko a bar shi don lalata a cikin injin daskarewa. Ana yin tsaftacewar rigar ta amfani da kayan wankewa, da ƙara wasu sinadarai a cikin ruwa.

Yakin da asu ya kamata a yi gaba daya.

Magungunan magungunan gargajiya

A gida, ana iya lalata kwaro ta hanyar bushe hatsi a cikin tanda a zazzabi na + 60 ° C na awanni 2. A kan sikelin masana'antu, ana amfani da bushewar hatsi. An ƙirƙiri ƙananan zafin jiki a cikin ɗakin ta buɗe tagogi a cikin hunturu, ko ana fitar da kwantena tare da hatsi masu cutar zuwa baranda. Hannun hatsi wani lokaci ana sanyaya su a cikin firiji.

Haɗin hanyoyi daban-daban

Kafin zabar hanyar magance ƙwayar hatsi, ya kamata a ƙayyade matakin asarar. Yin amfani da hanyoyi da yawa na gwagwarmaya, za ku iya samun nasara. Wajibi ne a lalata kayan da aka lalatar da hatsi, aiwatar da tsabtace rigar, saita tarko don ƙwayoyin cuta guda ɗaya.

Ma'ajiyar hatsi.

Matakan hanyoyin kariya

Don adana hatsi, ana ɗaukar matakan da suka biyo baya: suna bin ka'idodin tsafta, ɗaukar matakan hana haɓakar asu, amfani da gine-gine na zamani don adana hatsi, amfani da na'urorin iska, da kuma kula da ƙananan zafin jiki.