Yadda bumblebee ke tashi: ƙarfin yanayi da ka'idodin aerodynamics
Ɗaya daga cikin nau'in kudan zuma da aka fi sani shine bumblebee. Furry da hayaniya, kwarin yana da ƙananan fuka-fuki idan aka kwatanta da girman jikinsa. Bisa ga dokokin aerodynamics, jirgin na kwari tare da irin waɗannan sigogi ba zai yiwu ba. Tun da daɗewa, masana kimiyya suna yin bincike don fahimtar yadda hakan zai yiwu.
Abubuwa
Tsarin fuka-fuki na bumblebee idan aka kwatanta da jirgin sama
Akwai cikakken kimiyya - bionics, kimiyyar da ta haɗu da fasaha da ilmin halitta. Ta na nazarin halittu daban-daban da abin da mutane za su iya cirewa daga gare su don kansu.
Mutane sukan ɗauki wani abu daga yanayi kuma su yi nazarinsa a hankali. Amma bumblebee ya ɓaci masana kimiyya na dogon lokaci, ko kuma ikon tashi.
Masana kimiyyar lissafi sun gano cewa jirgin yana tashi ne saboda hadadden tsarin reshe da kuma sararin sama. Ana samar da ingantacciyar ɗagawa ta gefen jagora mai zagaye na reshe da gefen tudu. Ƙarfin bugun injin shine 63300 lbs.
Ya kamata a ce yanayin tafiyar jirgin sama da bumblebee su kasance iri ɗaya. Masana kimiyya sun tabbatar da cewa bisa ga dokokin kimiyyar lissafi, bumblebees kada ya tashi. Duk da haka, ba haka ba ne.
Babban bumblebee da fuka-fukan sa.
Fuka-fukan Bumblebee suna da ikon ƙirƙirar ɗagawa fiye da yadda masana kimiyya ke tsammani. Idan jirgin yana da adadin bumblebee, to ba zai tashi daga ƙasa ba. Ana iya kwatanta kwarin da jirgi mai saukar ungulu mai sassauƙan ruwan wukake.
Bayan gwada ka'idar da ta dace da Boeing 747 game da bumblebees, masana kimiyya sun gano cewa fikafikan fuka-fuki daga 300 zuwa 400 ne a cikin dakika 1. Wannan yana yiwuwa saboda raguwa da shakatawa na tsokoki na ciki.
Fantin fentin fuka-fuki a lokacin faɗuwa shine sanadin ƙarfin ƙarfin iska iri-iri. Sun saba wa kowace ka'idar lissafi. Fuka-fukan ba sa iya jujjuyawa kamar kofa akan madaidaicin madaidaici. Sashin na sama yana haifar da oval na bakin ciki. Fuka-fukan suna iya jujjuyawa da kowane bugun jini, suna nuna saman sama akan bugun ƙasa.
Yawan bugun jini na manyan bumblebees shine aƙalla sau 200 a sakan daya. Matsakaicin gudun jirgin ya kai mita 5 a sakan daya, wanda yayi daidai da kilomita 18 a cikin sa'a.
Bayyana sirrin jirgin bumblebee
Don tona asirin, masana kimiyya dole ne su gina nau'ikan fuka-fukan bumblebee a cikin sigar girma. A sakamakon haka, masanin kimiyya Dickinson ya kafa ainihin hanyoyin tafiyar kwari. Sun ƙunshi jinkirin tsayawar iska, kama jirgin tashi, motsi madauwari.
Fuka-fuki yana yanke iska, wanda ke haifar da jinkirin rabuwa da iska. Don zama a cikin jirgin, bumblebee yana buƙatar guguwa. Vortices suna jujjuyawa rafukan kwayoyin halitta, kama da ruwan da ke gudana a cikin tafki.
Lokacin da reshe yana motsawa a ƙaramin kusurwa, an yanke iska a gaban reshe. Sa'an nan kuma akwai sauye-sauye mai sauƙi zuwa 2 gudana tare da ƙasa da saman saman reshe. Gudun hawan sama ya fi girma. Wannan yana haifar da ɗagawa.
Saboda matakin farko na raguwa, an ƙara ɗagawa. Ana sauƙaƙe wannan ta hanyar ɗan gajeren gudu - vortex na jagorancin gefen reshe. A sakamakon haka, an kafa ƙananan matsa lamba, wanda ke haifar da karuwa a cikin ɗagawa.
Don haka, an tabbatar da cewa bumblebee yana tashi a cikin adadi mai yawa na vortices. Kowannen su yana kewaye da igiyoyin iska da ƙananan guguwa da ke haifar da bugun fuka-fuki. Bugu da ƙari, fuka-fukan suna samar da wani ƙarfi mai ƙarfi na ɗan lokaci wanda ke bayyana a ƙarshen da farkon kowane bugun jini.
ƙarshe
Akwai asirai da yawa a cikin yanayi. Ikon tashi a cikin bumblebees wani lamari ne da masana kimiyya da yawa suka yi nazari akai. Ana iya kiransa mu'ujiza ta yanayi. Ƙananan fuka-fuki suna haifar da irin wannan guguwa mai ƙarfi da motsa jiki wanda kwari ke tashi da sauri.
