Whiteflies: hotuna 12 na kwaro da hanyoyin kawar da ƙananan kwari

Me yayi kama da whitefly (hoto)

Bayanin kwari

name: farin kwari
Yaren Latin: Aleyrodidae

Class Kwari - Kwari
Kama: Hemiptera - Hemiptera
Iyali: farin kwari

	Wuraren zama:	a ko'ina cikin rukunin yanar gizon, gami da wuraren da aka rufe
	Mai haɗari ga:	kayan lambu, 'ya'yan itatuwa da berries
	Hanyar halaka:	sunadarai, hanyoyin jama'a

Whiteflies dangi ne na ƙananan kwari masu tashi waɗanda suka haɗa da nau'ikan nau'ikan sama da 1500. Sunan kimiyya na whiteflies, aleurodids, ya fito ne daga kalmar Helenanci "aleuron", wanda ke nufin "gari".

Bayyanar farin kwari

Farin kwari yana hutawa.

Whiteflies na cikin rukunin kwari na homoptera. Suna da nau'i-nau'i na fuka-fuki da aka rufe da farin rufi. A saman za a iya samun alamu a cikin nau'i na baƙar fata. Lokacin hutawa, farar ƙudaje na ninka fikafikansu a kwance a jikinsu.

Jikin kwari ba ya wuce 2-3 mm tsawon kuma 0,3-0,7 mm a fadin. Launinsa, dangane da nau'in, na iya zama fari ko ja-rawaya-rawaya tare da ɗigon duhu.

Siffofin Yaduwa

Wata mace balagagge, a ƙarƙashin yanayi masu kyau, tana iya yin har zuwa ƙwai ɗari 3. Lokacin kiwo don kwari yana farawa tare da isowar yanayin dumin barga. A cikin shekara, adadin tsararraki na whiteflies na iya kaiwa zuwa 15.

Zagayen ci gaban kwari bai cika ba kuma ya haɗa da matakai masu zuwa:

• kwai;
• larvae na wayar hannu na shekaru 6st, suna da nau'i-nau'i XNUMX na gabobi da eriya;
• larvae mara motsi na II da III instars tare da atrophied kafafu da eriya;
• IV instar tsutsa ko pseudopupae;
• imago ko babba.

Rayuwa da abinci

Manya-manyan fararen kwari sun fi tsunduma cikin haifuwa, amma larvae na I-III instars suna da kyakkyawan ci kuma suna ciyar da mafi yawan lokutan su a saman ciyawar fodder. Tushen abincin su shine ruwan 'ya'yan itace kayan lambu. Wadannan kwari sune mafi hatsari don amfanin gona kamar haka:

Mafi yawan nau'ikan fararen kwari

Daga cikin babbar adadin fararen kwari, mafi Akwai manyan nau'ikan guda biyar:

• greenhouse ko greenhouse whitefly, wanda ke cutar da cucumbers, tumatir da wasu furanni;
• citrus whitefly, wanda ke haifar da haɗari mai tsanani ga tsire-tsire iri ɗaya;
• strawberry whitefly kwaro ne mai haɗari ga strawberries, strawberries na daji da sauran tsire-tsire na wannan nau'in;
• kabeji whitefly yana ciyar da ruwan 'ya'yan itace na celandine, milkweed da sauran ganye, kuma yana iya haifar da mummunar lalacewa ga kabeji;
• farar tabar, wadda ta fi yawa a duk faɗin duniya kuma tana amfani da romon tsiro iri-iri don ciyarwa.

mazaunin kwari

Ana samun nau'ikan fararen kwari iri-iri a yankuna masu zuwa:

Waɗannan kwari sun zaɓi zama a wurare masu dumi da ɗanɗano. Matsakaicin adadin daidaikun mutane da nau'ikan fararen kwari ana iya samun su a cikin ƙasashe masu yanayi masu zafi da na wurare masu zafi.

Karamin kwaro kuma cikin farin ciki yana zaune a cikin ɗakuna inda yanayin da ya dace da shi mutum ne ya halicce shi ta hanyar wucin gadi, misali:

Alamun bayyanar farin kwari

Farar kwari ƙanana ne kuma ba su da sauƙin hange. Mafi sau da yawa, suna ba da kansu saboda bayyanar alamun alamomi a kan tsire-tsire da aka shafa. Alamomin kasancewar wannan kwaro da aiki na iya zama kamar haka:

• ƙananan ɓangaren ganyayyaki na shuka an rufe shi da tsutsa ƙwari masu kama da ma'auni;
• bayyanar a kan sassa daban-daban na tsire-tsire na sutura mai laushi ko abin da ake kira "raɓan zuma";
• lalacewar ganye ta hanyar soot naman gwari;
• yellowing da curling na ganye;
• retard na shuka girma da kuma ci gaban.

Dalilan bayyanar da tsire-tsire

Mafi sau da yawa, kwari suna lalata tsire-tsire waɗanda ba su samun kulawar da ta dace ko kuma suna da raunin garkuwar jiki. Akwai manyan dalilai da yawa na bayyanar fararen kwari.

Hanyoyin Gudanar da Whitefly

Whitefly yana cutar da tsire-tsire masu girma a waje da cikin gida. Saboda gaskiyar cewa yanayin kula da kwari na iya zama daban-daban, hanyoyin na iya bambanta sosai da juna. Duk da haka, kamar yadda yake tare da yawancin sauran kwari, duk hanyoyin za a iya raba su manyan sassa uku:

• amfani da sinadarai na musamman;
• hanyoyin inji na sarrafa kwari;
• girke-girke na jama'a .

Hanyoyi 11 don kashe farar kwari

ƙarshe

Ƙananan yawan fararen kwari ba zai iya haifar da lahani ga tsire-tsire ba, amma bai kamata a jinkirta yaki da kwari masu fuka-fuki ba har sai daga baya. Waɗannan ƙananan kwari suna haifuwa da sauri isa. A cikin 'yan watanni, adadin su zai iya karuwa da yawa sau ɗari, sa'an nan kuma za su haifar da mummunar barazana ga girbi na gaba.