Danna Beetle da Wireworm: 17 Ingantattun Kwaro

Marubucin labarin
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Masu lambu, a lokacin da suke tattara amfanin gona, sun lura cewa sun ci karo da tubers da tsutsotsi suka lalace masu kama da guntun waya. Waɗannan su ne larvae na danna ƙwaro. Wannan nau'in yana rarraba kusan ko'ina cikin duniya, kuma wakilansa suna haifar da cutarwa ga tsire-tsire.

Danna irin ƙwaro da tsutsanta wireworm: hoto

Bayanin ƙwaro

Sunan ku kwari karɓa, godiya ga iyawar musamman don mirgina daga baya zuwa ciki tare da taimakon tsarin tsalle. A lokaci guda, ana jin sautin dannawa.

Jikin nutcracker yana da tsayi, tsayin 10 zuwa 60 mm, baki ko launin ruwan kasa. Nutcrackers da ke zaune a cikin wurare masu zafi suna da launi daban-daban. Jikinsu shine:

Kwayar ƙwaro.

Kwayar ƙwaro.

  • rawaya;
  • lemu;
  • ja;
  • kore tare da gashin ƙarfe na ƙarfe ko azurfa.

Wasu nau'ikan na iya samun ratsi ko tabo akan elytra.

Nau'in Nutcracker tare da haske na bioluminescent suna zaune a Amurka ta tsakiya.

Gabobin haske guda biyu suna cikin kusurwoyin pronotum kuma ɗaya a tsakiyar sternite na farko na ciki, kuma ana ganin su a cikin jirgin. Don haka mata suna jan hankalin abokan zama. Har ila yau, wasu tsutsotsin waya waɗanda ke da bioluminescence, suna amfani da shi don jawo hankalin abinci.

Halayen tsutsa

Waya irin ƙwaro.

Wireworm tsutsa.

Sakamakon raguwar yawan jiyya na ƙasa da raguwar juyawar amfanin gona, adadin kwari na waya ya karu. Tsutsar tsutsa ta ƙwaro, ko wireworm, tana da jiki wanda ya ƙunshi sassa 13, silinda, tare da murfin chitinous mai yawa, tsirara, a lokuta masu wuyar rufewa da gashi.

Launin jikin wayaworm ya bambanta daga rawaya mai haske zuwa launin ruwan kasa mai duhu. Tsawon sa ya kai mm 30. Pupa fari ne, m ko rawaya. Tsutsa yana cin tsaba, kuma yayin da yake girma, tushen tsarin seedlings.

Watsawa

Akwai kimanin nau'in ƙwaro 10000 a duniya. Suna rayuwa a duk faɗin duniya, kawai a Antarctica ba sa rayuwa. A cikin wurare masu zafi, waɗannan kwari sun fi girma kuma sun fi bambanta a launi.

Manya beetles suna zaune a saman, suna zaune a kan ciyawa, bishiyoyi, cikin tsagewa, a kan duwatsu.
 
tsutsa ci gaba a cikin ƙasa, a cikin ruɓaɓɓen bishiyoyi, a cikin tubers na shuka, wani lokacin a cikin ruɓaɓɓen itace.

Haihuwa da abinci mai gina jiki

Da zaran ranakun dumi suka zo a cikin bazara. mata nutcrackers sun tashi suka fara kwanciya. Wuraren da suka fi so su ne ciyawar alkama, burdock, tushen ciyawa da ciyayi. Idan ba a samu ciyayi masu dacewa ba, za su iya sa ƙwayayen su a cikin tsagewar ƙasa ko ƙarƙashin ƙullun ƙasa. Suna ƙaunar ƙasar da ake shuka tushen amfanin gona.

Qwai

Zagayowar rayuwa daga kwai zuwa babban ƙwaro yana ɗaukar shekaru 4-5. Matar tana yin matsakaicin ƙwai 120-150. Su fari ne da kanana. A daya kama daga 5 zuwa 15 qwai.

tsutsa

Larvae suna bayyana a cikin wata daya, suna girma kuma suna haɓaka shekaru da yawa. A cikin shekarar farko ta rayuwa, tsutsa na nutcracker yana ciyar da tushen shuka da ganyen ciyawa. Amma a cikin shekara ta biyu, wireworms suna zaune a cikin tubers dankalin turawa, karas, beets, da radishes. Suna cin iri da tsiro na hatsi. Kuma kawai bayan shekaru hudu da suka pupate da kuma manya beetles bayyana a kan surface a cikin bazara.

Manya

Beetles suna ciyar da ganye, amma akwai nau'in cin nama na danna beetles. Manya-manyan beetles na wasu nau'ikan ba sa ciyarwa kwata-kwata, suna rayuwa ne daga wuraren ajiyar da suka tara yayin da suke cikin tsutsa.

Me yasa betle "clicker"

Kwayar ƙwaro: hoto.

Nutcracker.

Tsarin tsalle shine ƙaramin tsari na thoracic. Ana jera shi a tsakanin prothorax da mesothorax, idan ƙwaro ya faɗo a baya, to yana aiki, kuma ya juya shi a cikin iska zuwa cikin ciki, yayin da ake jin dannawa. Daga kowane matsayi, nutcracker yana juya kan tafin sa.

Hakanan, lokacin ƙin ƙwaro, lokacin barin pupa, ko guje wa haɗari, ƙwaro yana amfani da hanyar tsalle.

Alamun bayyanar wireworm akan dankali

Baya ga tubers, larvae na iya cin tushen da saman. Ana iya tantance bayyanar kwaro ta:

  • wilted dankalin turawa bushes. Kwari suna motsawa a cikin ƙasa a zurfin 1 zuwa 2 m. Ba za su iya motsawa fiye da 20 cm daga tubers ba;
    Kuɗi daga wireworm.

    Wireworm ya shafa dankali.

  • kasancewar a cikin matasa tubers ta kunkuntar ramukan da duhu depressions a kan kwasfa - su ne wuraren motsi na larvae. Da farko tono dankali zai taimaka gano kwaro;
  • motsi na parasites a cikin ƙasa na sama (a matakin 5-10 cm). Wannan yawanci yana faruwa lokacin sassautawa ko tono.

Illa da hanyoyin gwagwarmaya

Larvae yana haifar da lahani na musamman, kuma hanyoyin sarrafawa ana nufin lalata su. Wireworms suna yin ramuka a cikin tushen da tushen amfanin gona. Suna lalatar da tsaba da kuma bakin ciki fitar da seedlings.

Ko da ƙwaro ɗaya na iya zama sanadin babban mulkin mallaka.

shuka

Juyar da amfanin gona da aka tsara yadda ya kamata zai rage yawan tsutsotsin waya a wurin. Hakanan ya shafi makwabta, cewa za su tsoratar da kwaro da warin su. Dasa:

  1. Dahlias Kwaro ba ya jure wa warin shuka.
  2. siderates. Mustard, rapeseed, buckwheat da clover mai zaki suna ɓoye mahimman mai a cikin ƙasa, wanda ke korar ƙwanƙwasa ƙwaro da wireworms.
  3. legumes. Wadannan amfanin gona, musamman wake da wake, suna korar kwari.

Tsaftacewa mai inganci

Tsaftace wurin shine mabuɗin don kiyaye mutuncin amfanin gona gaba ɗaya. Tare da barazanar igiyar waya, wajibi ne a ba da kulawa ta musamman ga wasu maki.

Girbin tubers da asalinsu. Idan kun aiwatar da cikakken tsaftacewa na shafin a cikin fall, to, kwari ba za su sami abin da za su ci ba. 
Kula da ciyawa. Ana samun gidaje mafi yawa a cikin kurmin burdock da ciyawa. Tsabtace su shine cikakken ma'aunin rigakafi.

Shiga Abokan Hulɗa

Makiya na dabi'a na wireworms za su taimaka wajen rage yawan jama'a har ma da lalata su gaba daya. Ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan shine lambun ƙasan ƙwaro - tsutsa wanda yayi kama da tsutsa na wireworm. Hakanan a taimaka tsuntsaye:

  • wagtails;
  • taurari;
  • kunkuru;
  • roks;
  • bugun jini;
  • katako.

Hanyar mutane

KwaiƊaya daga cikin mafi arha kuma mafi yawan kayan aiki. Ana niƙa shi da sarrafa tubers kafin dasa shuki. Yawancin lokaci, ana sanya ƙwai a cikin rami ko kuma a warwatse a kan gadaje.
nettle ko dandelion0,2 kilogiram na Dandelion ko 0,5 kilogiram na nettle an ƙara a cikin guga na ruwa. Ana kula da cakuda da aka samu tare da kowace rijiya kafin dasa shuki. Irin wannan aiki yana farawa kwanaki 7 kafin dasa shuki tare da tazara na kowane kwanaki 2.
Ammonium nitrateAmmoniya tana korar kwari, tana tilasta musu shiga cikin ƙasa. Isasshen 20-30 grams na 1 square. mita.
Karkatar da man gasAna diluted g 3 a cikin guga na ruwa kuma ana zuba ramukan kafin dasa. Har ila yau, sarrafa manyan bushes tare da wannan maganin zai amfana.

Ingantacciyar hanyar jama'a mai aminci ita ce mustard. Dokokin amfani da shi - a cikin labarin.

Tarkuna

Tarko zai taimaka wajen tattara ƙarin tsutsa tsutsa na waya a wuri guda kuma ya lalata su. Akwai bats masu tasiri da yawa.

  1. Dankali. Tuber, wanda za a iya lalacewa, ana jika shi a cikin ruwa na kwana ɗaya, sannan a binne shi a cikin ƙasa. Akwai irin waɗannan tarko da yawa. Bayan kwanaki 2, zaku iya tono fitar da lalata tubers, za a cika su gaba ɗaya tare da larvae.
    Yadda ake kawar da tsutsotsin waya.

    Tarkon banki.

  2. Yankakken dankali ko karas a banki. Wajibi ne a sanya 'yan guda kuma a tono akwati har zuwa wuyansa, kuma a rufe saman da kwali. A cikin ƴan kwanaki, yawancin wayoyi na rukunin yanar gizon za su taru a wurin.
  3. Hatsi. Makonni biyu kafin aiki a kan babban dasa, ya zama dole don shuka ramuka da yawa a yankin tare da sha'ir da alkama. Matasa sprouts za su lalatar da yunwa. Ana tona su ana kona su.

Sinadaran

Magungunan dankalin turawa tare da sinadarai daban-daban suna da tasiri. Amma dole ne a sarrafa amfani da su. Ba za a iya bi da nau'ikan farko da sunadarai ba, suna tara abubuwa kuma basu da lokacin cire su. Ga sauran, waɗannan sun dace:

  • Daraja;
  • jirgin ruwa mai ruwa;
  • Kwamanda;
  • Taboo.

Cikakken umarnin don sarrafa dankali daga wireworms - mahada.

ƙarshe

Larvae na ƙwaro yana lalata tubers, tushen amfanin gona da amfanin gona na hatsi. Hanyoyin sarrafawa suna samuwa kuma aikace-aikacen su na yau da kullum zai taimaka wajen kare amfanin gona daga wannan kwaro.

A baya
BeetlesMutanen Espanya tashi: kwaro irin ƙwaro da amfaninsa marasa amfani
Na gaba
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