Sawfly beetle - kwarin da ke lalata gandun daji
Bishiyoyi da shrubs suna lalacewa da kwari da yawa. Daga cikin su, ƙwararrun tsire-tsire masu ban sha'awa sun fito waje - ainihin sawflies na dangin sessile-bellied. Daga cikin manyan nau'ikan nau'ikan akwai waɗanda ke son daidaitawa a kan mãkircin lambu.
Abubuwa
Menene kamannin sawfly: hoto
Bayanin sawfly
name: sawflies
Yaren Latin: TenthredinidaeClass Kwari - Kwari
Kama: Hymenoptera - mai tsanani
 | Wuraren zama: | ko'ina |
 | Mai haɗari ga: | greenery na mafi yawan bishiyoyi da bushes |
 | Hanyar halaka: | hanyoyin jama'a, sunadarai |
Na kowa sawfly.
Kwarin yana kama da kudan zuma a zahiri a zahiri, amma sawflies ba su da wani ƙunci tsakanin kai da jiki. A cikin kwari na nau'in nau'i daban-daban, girman jiki ya bambanta daga 2 mm zuwa 80 mm. Launi na mace da namiji na nau'in jinsi ɗaya wani lokaci ya bambanta, kuma yana iya zama duhu ko haske. Hakanan mata da maza sun bambanta da girma.
Na'urar baki nau'in ci ne, akwai idanu 5 akan kai, biyu daga cikinsu sun fi girma. A gaba, a kai, akwai antennae-antennae, wanda ke taka muhimmiyar rawa a rayuwar kwari. Jiki yana da ƙafafu guda uku. Biyu nau'i-nau'i na fuka-fuki suna bayyane, membranous, na baya sun fi girma fiye da na baya.
A cikin mata, akwai sawun ovipositor a ƙarshen ciki; a cikin maza, wannan wuri yana rufe da faranti. Kwai masu launin rawaya-fari ko kore, manyan, an rufe su da harsashi mai laushi a saman.
Larvae, dangane da nau'in, na iya zama daga 5 mm zuwa 45 mm tsawon. Suna kama da kutuwa, amma ba su da ƙafafu guda 5, amma 6 ko 8, wasu nau'in kuma suna da ƙafafu guda 11, da idanuwa 2, kuma majiɓinci suna da 6. Saboda kamanceceniyarsu da caterpillars, ana kiran tsutsotsin sawfly ƙarya. caterpillars. Launinsu ya dogara da launin abincin da suke ci.
Pupae suna rawaya ko kore-fari. Murfi mai laushi yana kare kwakwa tare da harsashi mai karfi, launin ruwan kasa, rawaya ko launin ruwan kasa.
Salon
The sawfly hibernates a cikin pupal mataki. A tsakiyar watan Afrilu, manya suna fitowa daga gare su, suna shirye su yi aure.
- Mata suna neman wurin da ya dace don sa ƙwai. Don yin wannan, suna zaɓar saman shuke-shuke tare da furanni masu fure.
Ci gaban sawfly.
- Bayan auren mace, sai su huda farantin ganye da ovipositor, su sa ƙwai a cikin ramukan da aka yi, su rufe wuraren da aka huda su da wani abu na musamman don kada wurin kwanciya ya yi zafi.
- Larvae ya bayyana bayan kwanaki 3-15 kuma nan da nan ya fara lalata ganye. Caterpillars na nau'ikan sawflies da yawa suna rayuwa a cikin gida, kuma a cikin wata daya da rabi suna lalata shuka sosai.
- A farkon watan Yuni, don pupation, larvae suna samun wuraren ɓoye a cikin kambi na bishiyoyi ko ɓoye a cikin ciyawa, ƙasa.
- Bayan molt na ƙarshe, caterpillar ya juya zuwa pupa, wanda babba zai bayyana a cikin kwanaki 7-10.
- A tsakiyar watan Yuli, ƙarni na biyu na sawfly zai bayyana. Ba wai kawai pupae overwinter ba, qwai da tsutsa kuma suna tsira a ƙananan yanayin zafi.
Wasu nau'in sawfly na iya samun tsararraki 3-4 a kowace kakar.
Nau'in sawflies
Akwai kusan 5000 na waɗannan kwari a duniya. Anan akwai wasu nau'ikan da aka fi sani.
Hanyoyi don kare tsire-tsire daga sawflies
Sawflies kwari ne da ke rayuwa a duk duniya. Suna cutar da bishiyoyi, shrubs, da sauran nau'ikan ciyayi. Suna parasitize a saman ganye, a cikin harbe-harbe da kututturen bishiya. Larvae na waɗannan kwari suna da haɗari, suna da ban tsoro sosai kuma, idan sun bayyana da yawa, suna iya haifar da mummunar cutarwa.
Don magance waɗannan kwari, ana amfani da magungunan sinadarai da magungunan jama'a. waxanda suka fi illa ga tsirrai. Amma kowane nau'in yana da abubuwan da ake so kuma akwai fasalin sarrafawa dangane da nau'in shuka da abin ya shafa.
Matakan rigakafi na bazara da kaka suna taimakawa lalata pupae da tsutsa sawfly.
ƙarshe
Sawflies na iya haifar da mummunar lalacewa ga nau'ikan tsire-tsire iri-iri. Suna shafar duk sassan ciyayi, suna bazuwa da sauri kuma suna haɓaka. An yi yaƙi da su tare da matakai masu rikitarwa - rigakafi da kariya. Idan ba a dakatar da ƙananan kwari ba, za su jimre da sauri tare da bishiyar manya.
A baya