Me yasa kwari ke shafa tafukan su: asirin makircin Diptera
Wataƙila kowa ya lura cewa lokacin da kuda ya zauna a kan wani wuri, sai ya fara shafa ƙafafu da juna, kamar yana tsaftace su. Shin tsaftar mutum yana da mahimmanci sosai ga waɗannan kwari masu rarrafe ta cikin kwandon shara da ruɓaɓɓen abinci?
Abubuwa
Yadda aka shirya tawukan tashi da abin da ke bambanta su
Kuda tana wanke jiki sosai ta wannan hanya, musamman gabobin jiki. Amma ta yi haka ba don tsaftar da ta wuce kima ba, amma saboda yanayin halittarta.
Menene ƙudaje ke amfani da gaɓoɓinsu?
- Godiya ga irin waɗannan tafofin hannu masu ban sha'awa, arthropod daidai yana kiyayewa akan madubi, gilashi da kowane wuri mai santsi.
- Yana iya tafiya cikin sauƙi tare da rufin da bangon sama da ƙasa kuma ya shiga cikin kusurwoyin ɗakin da ba za a iya shiga ba.
- Bugu da ƙari, kwarin yana amfani da bristles da ke kan pulvilles a matsayin sashin taɓawa da wari, yana ƙayyade dandano da haɓakar samfurin.
- Lokacin da tafin hannu suka sanar da kuda cewa ya sauka a kan wani abu da ake ci, mutum ya ɗanɗana shi da wani nau'in harshe a cikin nau'in kuɗaɗe. Wato da farko kwaro yana ɗanɗano abinci da ƙafafu, sannan sai da proboscis da tsotsa ruwan wukake.
Me yasa kuda ke shafa tafukan sa: manyan dalilai
A lokacin irin wannan ɗanɗano da motsi, tafin tashi da sauri suna tattara ƙura da datti da ke karya mannewa a saman.
Don ci gaba da rarrafe ba tare da tsangwama ba, kwari yana tilastawa kullun tsaftace tukwici na ƙafafunsa daga ɓangarorin ƙasashen waje da aka tara, yana ƙarfafa sakin ɓoye mai ɗanɗano daga carbohydrates da lipids.
Don haka suna kiyaye mahimman gabobin cikin yanayin aiki. Dukkan tsarin tsafta ya ƙunshi sassa da yawa. Da farko, kudaje suna tsaftace gabansu, sannan su wanke kawunansu da kafafun bayansu da wadannan tafukan, daga karshe kuma suna goge fikafikansu.
Me zai faru idan kun rage kafafun kwari
Idan aka yi la'akari da yankin da kwari ke motsawa, za a iya lura da alamun launin ruwan kasa a cikin nau'i na nau'i na specks wanda ke nuna wurin da ake girma-pulvilles. Masana ilimin halitta sun gano cewa sun ƙunshi triglycerides.
Idan ka cire kitsen daga bristles na ƙafafu na gardama, nutsar da su a takaice a cikin hexane, motsi na arthropod ba zai yiwu ba.
Waɗanne cututtuka masu haɗari ne kudaje ke ɗauka a tafin hannunsu?
Duk da wanke gaɓoɓi na yau da kullun, kudaje sune manyan masu ɗauke da cututtukan parasitic da cututtuka. Sakamakon bincike, an gano kwayoyin cuta har miliyan 6 a saman mutum daya kacal, kuma adadinsu ya kai miliyan 28 a cikin hanjinsa.
Yana da daraja daraja wannan a cikin matsugunan da ba su da tsabta, har zuwa 500 microorganisms na iya zama a kan kwari. Kwayoyin cuta masu cutarwa suna zuwa tafin kwari daga sharar kwayoyin kuma daga gare su zuwa abinci. Ta hanyar cin irin wannan abinci, mutum ya kamu da cutar ko kuma ya sha guba. Daga cikin cututtukan da ƙudaje ke ɗauke da su akwai:
- tarin fuka;
- cutar shan inna;
- salmonellosis;
- brucellosis;
- cututtukan ciki;
- cutar sankara;
- dysentery;
- zazzabin taifod;
- kwalara;
- cutar bishara;
- paratyphoid;
- alaƙa.
Karin kwari a tafin hannunsu suna yada kwai na tsutsotsi, wanda kuma kamuwa da cuta yana faruwa ta hanyar abinci. An tabbatar da cewa ƙudaje ne a wasu lokuta suka zama tushen cututtuka masu tsanani.
Alal misali, a cikin karni na 112 a Rasha sun haifar da cututtukan jaundice XNUMX, kuma a Cuba da Puerto Rico lokacin yakin Spain da Amurka sun haifar da barkewar cutar dysentery da typhus.
Har yanzu, makantar cutar ta trachoma, da wasu nau'ikan kuda ke haifarwa, na shafar mutane kusan miliyan 8 a duk shekara.
A baya