Yadda Ake Cire Asu Dankali: Hanyoyi guda 3 da aka tabbatar

Daga cikin nau'ikan kwari iri-iri, asu dankalin turawa ba shi da ban mamaki. Yana kama da mara kyau, amma yana cutar da shuka dankalin turawa da amfanin gona da aka girbe ba ƙasa da ƙwaro dankalin turawa na Colorado, wanda ke jin daɗin yawan aiki. Dole ne a gane kwaro kuma a lalata shi da wuri fiye da yadda za ta lalata amfanin gona.

Yaya asu dankalin turawa yayi kama (hoto)

Babban halayen

name: dankalin turawa asu
Yaren Latin: Phthorimaea operculella Zell

Class Kwari - Kwari
Kama: Homoptera - Homoptera
Iyali: Triosides - Gelechiidae

	Wuraren zama:	wuraren ajiyar dankalin turawa, lambun kayan lambu
	Mai haɗari ga:	dankali, amfanin gona nightshade
	Hanyar halaka:	bioinsecticides, pyrethroids

girman kwari

Asu na malam buɗe ido ƙanana ne a girman, har zuwa mm 8 tsayi, kuma suna da tazarar fuka-fukai har zuwa mm 13. Baligi yana da eriya da sassan baki, amma ba ya aiki kamar yadda aka yi niyya. Larvae suna ƙanana, marasa fahimta, sun kai 6-8 mm a tsayi.

Qwai da larvae na kwaro

Caterpillars na dankalin turawa asu.

Ƙwayoyin dankalin turawa ƙanana ne, fari, tsayi har zuwa 0,8 mm. Suna located a bayan ganye, kusa da cuttings ko veins. Idan danda tubers leke daga ƙarƙashin ƙasa, to, a kansu ne za a iya samun masonry.

Kananan tsutsa jarirai ba sa kai ko da 2mm a girman.. Sun kasance tsirara da kodadde. Yayin da suke girma da kuma ciyarwa, jikin caterpillars ya zama kore idan sun ci abinci akan sassa masu ciyayi, ko kuma launin ruwan kasa idan sun ciyar akan tubers. Girman caterpillars manya ya kai 12 mm, jikin yana rarraba a fili.

Tsarin rayuwa

Akwai lokuta hudu da asu dankalin turawa ke bi:

1. Kwai, wanda aka riga aka dasa, ya zama tsutsa a cikin mako guda a lokacin rani, kuma kimanin wata daya a cikin hunturu.
2. Tsutsa takan rushe sau hudu a lokacin girma, wanda zai kai har zuwa makonni uku a lokacin rani da watanni biyu a cikin hunturu. A wannan lokacin, kwarin yana haifar da mummunar lalacewa.
3. Lokacin da larvae suka ci kuma suka shirya kwakwa, sai su shiga matakin pupal. Lokacin yana cikin lokacin dumi bai wuce kwanaki 5 ba, kuma a cikin hunturu yana iya ɗaukar kusan watanni 3.
4. Malamin malam buɗe ido yana girma da sauri, tsawon rayuwarsa bai wuce ƴan kwanaki a lokacin rani da makonni a cikin hunturu ba. A wannan lokacin, ta kan yi aure sau da yawa, kuma a cikin ɗaki ɗaya za ta iya yin ƙwai har 200.

Tun daga bayyanar asu har zuwa lokacin da zai iya yin aure, bai wuce kwana ɗaya ba. Tsarin kwanciya da kansa zai iya ɗaukar har zuwa makonni biyu. A lokacin zafi mai zafi, har ma da tsararraki 5 na kwaro na iya bayyana.

Me yake ci

Yana da ma'ana sosai cewa nau'in dankalin turawa suna ciyar da dankali. Lokacin da saman har yanzu kore ne, caterpillars suna cin su rayayye. Kusa da kaka, lokacin da sassan ciyayi suka bushe, caterpillars suna motsawa zuwa tubers kuma su shiga cikin idanu.

Dankali asu ciyar a kan tubers da kore harbe.

Yaya kuma a ina yake hunturu

Kwarin zai iya tsira daga sanyi kawai a cikin jihar chrysalis, ƙasa da sau da yawa a matsayin caterpillar. Yawan tashi yana farawa a watan Mayu.

A cikin yanayi mafi dadi, alal misali, lokacin da aka adana tubers dankalin turawa a cikin cellar, ba za a iya adana su kawai ba, amma kuma suna ninka a cikin hunturu.

Rarraba yanki

Amurka ta tsakiya da Kudancin Amurka an dauki wurin haifuwa na dankalin turawa kuma a lokaci guda wurin haifuwar kwaro. Sama da shekaru 50 ke nan da gano shi a yankin tekun Black Sea. An yi imanin cewa an kawo kwari zuwa Rasha tare da tumatir, taba da dankali.

Siffofin haɓaka

Asu yana yaduwa da sauri da sauri.

Akwai sifa guda ɗaya da ba ta faranta wa masu lambu rai ba. Asu na iya tasowa a kusan kowane yanayi. Amma yanayin zafi yana taka muhimmiyar rawa:

• a low rates daga +15 da ƙasa, da rayuwa sake zagayowar ne game da 150-200 kwanaki;
• idan yanayin zafin jiki ya kasance kusan digiri +20, to sake zagayowar zai wuce cikin kwanaki 70;
• a farashin kusan digiri 30, bayyanar kwarin kwai da canza shi zuwa babba zai ɗauki kusan wata guda.

A lokacin rani, a ƙarƙashin yanayin yanayin zafi mai ƙarfi, ƙananan kwari masu tsauri za su bayyana kowane kwanaki 14. Shi ya sa a lokacin rani amfanin gona yakan lalace sosai.

Yadda ake kawar da su

Akwai hanyoyi da yawa don rabu da mu dankalin turawa asu, wannan voracious kwaro. Wasu daga cikinsu suna da sauƙi, yayin da wasu suna buƙatar shiri.

Hanyar halitta

Bioinsecticide samfurin sarrafa kwayoyin cuta ne.

Kayayyakin halitta ko, mafi daidai, bioinsecticides sune abubuwan sharar gida na ƙwayoyin cuta waɗanda ke da tasiri mai guba akan kwari. Ba su da sauri sosai, har zuwa kwanaki 10, amma suna da aminci ga mutane.

Ana amfani da shirye-shiryen nazarin halittu sau da yawa kafin adana tubers. Kuna buƙatar yin hankali, saboda lokacin ingancin su yawanci shekara ne, wasu biyu ne kawai.

Mafi yawanci sune: Entobacterin, Lepidocide, Bitoxibacillin Dendrobacillin.

Hanyar Chemical

A kan fluorimea, kamar yadda ake kiran asu dankalin turawa a kimiyyance, sunadarai ba komai bane illa magungunan kashe qwari. Ana amfani da su don feshi. Suna da guba kuma ba za a iya amfani da su ba bayan kwanaki 21 kafin girbi.

Hanyar agrotechnical

Hanyar agrotechnical ta haɗa da dasa shuki da kyau don rage yawan kwari. Ga wasu matakan yaƙi da asu dankalin turawa:

1. Dasa mai kyau a zurfin da ya dace don kada kwari su shiga tubers.
2. 

   Hilling dankali.

   Dasa farkon iri-iri, har yanzu ƙananan yawan kwaro.

3. Hawan bushes da tsaftace tazarar layi.
4. Sprinkler ban ruwa don cire caterpillars.
5. Girbi da rarraba kan lokaci.

Idan kun kula da kyau da tsaftace wurin, to, an rage haɗarin kwari.

Kariyar ajiyar dankalin turawa

lalace tubers.

Kafin ajiye amfanin gona don ajiya, dole ne a warware shi. Cire duk tubers da suka lalace don kada kwari su sami kayan lambu masu lafiya daga gare su. Hakanan yana buƙatar tsaftace ɗakin ta hanyar fumigation ko wankewa tare da maganin baƙin ƙarfe sulfate da lemun tsami.

Kuna iya aiwatar da tubers da kansu. Don wannan, ana shirya biosolutions, wanda aka sanya tubers na mintuna da yawa. Sannan ana buƙatar bushe su da kyau kuma ana iya aika su don ajiya.

Rigakafin

Don kare shuka daga kwaro na fluorimea, dole ne a ɗauki matakan rigakafi da yawa.

Daga cikinsu akwai:

• siyan kayan don dasa shuki kawai a wuraren da aka tabbatar;
• girma tubers;
• cire ciyawa da tudu sama da shuka;
• tsaftacewa na lokaci;
• tsari kafin saukarwa da kuma kafin kwanciya a ajiya.

Jiyya tare da shirye-shirye na musamman a kan ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun kuma za ta taimaka wa asu dankalin turawa.

ƙarshe

Asu dankalin turawa na iya lalata manyan gonakin dankali da sauri. Kuma idan ba a cire gaba daya ba, to, kyawawan ganima, sanya rashin dacewa don ajiya da kara dasa. Yana da kyau a aiwatar da duk matakan rigakafi da magani mai yuwuwa don hana yaduwar. Da makamai tare da bayanai game da halaye, ya zama mafi bayyana yadda za a magance dankalin turawa, moths.