Swallowtail caterpillar da kyawawan malam buɗe ido
Sau da yawa zaka iya ganin malam buɗe ido mai haske da ake kira swallowtail. Launin asu yana jan hankalin mutane da mafarauta. Kyakkyawan tsari yana haifar da tandem na musamman tare da furanni.
Abubuwa
Butterfly swallowtail: hoto
Bayanin swallowtail
name: Swallowtail
Yaren Latin: papilio machaonClass Kwari - Kwari
Kama: Lepidoptera - Lepidoptera
Iyali: Jirgin ruwa - Papilionidae
 | Wuri: | Turai, Asiya, Arewa da Kudancin Amurka |
 | Ginin wutar lantarki: | yana ciyar da pollen, ba kwaro bane |
 | Yadawa: | a cikin Red Book a wasu ƙasashe |
Sunan kwarin yana da alaƙa da tsohon mai warkarwa na Girka Machaon.
Fuka-fukan ba koyaushe suna da launin rawaya ba, wasu daga cikin malam buɗe ido haske ne ko duhu, dangane da nau'in. Za su iya zama fari tare da baƙaƙen jijiyoyi da ƙananan da'irar haske waɗanda aka tsara tare da baƙar fata.
Hindwings suna da faffadan shuɗi ko koɗaɗɗen kalaman shuɗi mai shuɗi, wanda ke iyakance da ɗigon baƙar fata a ƙasa da sama. A ɓangaren reshe da ke kusa da jiki, akwai "ido" ja-orange, wanda ke kewaye da baƙar fata. Akwai wutsiyoyi masu ban sha'awa a kan fuka-fukan baya. Tsawon su ya kai 1 cm.
Jiki yana da haske gashi. An ƙawata ƙirji da cikin ciki da layukan baƙi da yawa. Baya yayi duhu. Baƙar fata mai ƙarfin hali yana haɗa kai zuwa ƙasa. Goshin goshi tare da dogayen kunnuwa, a ƙarshen abin da akwai ƙwanƙwasa da aka sani.
Idanun da aka fuskance su suna kan ɓangarorin zagaye da kai mara aiki. Tare da taimakonsu, swallowtail yana gano abubuwa da launuka. Suna taimaka muku kewaya da kyau.
Butterflies suna da girma. Tsawon fuka-fuki yana daga 64-95 mm. Jinsi kuma yana shafar girma. Maza sun fi girma. Wingspan daga 64 zuwa 81 mm. A cikin mata - 74-95 mm.
Tsawon rayuwa baya wuce makonni 3. Yankin ya shafe shi. A cikin lokaci daga bazara zuwa kaka, har zuwa tsararraki uku na iya bayyana. Yawancin suna ba da fiye da tsararraki 2. Akwai daya kawai a arewa. Jirgin yana fadowa a watan Mayu - Agusta, a Afirka - a cikin Maris - Nuwamba.
Zane na swallowtail yana rinjayar lokacin bayyanar da yankin mazaunin.
A cikin yankunan arewa, asu yana da launi mai laushi, kuma a cikin yankuna masu zafi sun fi haske. Zamanin farko ba shi da tsari mai haske. Zamani na gaba yana da girma da girma da tsari mai haske.
Salon
Butterfly machaon.
Ana lura da ayyukan kyawawan dabbobi a ranakun zafi da zafi. Moths suna kan inflorescences da furanni da suka fi so. Nectar yana da adadi mai yawa na abubuwan gano abubuwa masu mahimmanci waɗanda suke da mahimmanci ga swallowtail.
Yawancin lokaci malam buɗe ido yana zaune a wurin shakatawa, a cikin makiyaya da kuma cikin lambu. Maza sun zaɓi tsayin da ya fi rinjaye. Maza sun haɗu a cikin ƙaramin rukuni, matsakaicin mutane 15. Ana iya ganin su a bakin tafkin. Butterflies suna son tuddai, dogayen bishiyoyi.
Kyawawan swallowtails a cikin jirgi. An ɓoye fuka-fukan baya a bayan na gaba. Ana iya ganin fikafikai cikakke lokacin fitowar rana ko kuma ana ruwan sama. Don haka, kwari da sauri suna dumama su tashi. Yada fuka-fuki - harbin mai daukar hoto da ba kasafai ya yi nasara ba.
Habitat
Ana iya samun butterflies a kusan dukkanin nahiyar Turai. Banda Ireland da Denmark. Hakanan ana iya samun su a Asiya, Arewacin Afirka da Arewacin Amurka. A Tibet ana iya samun tsayin kilomita 4,5. Yawancin lokaci suna rayuwa a:
- steppes da busassun itatuwan farar ƙasa;
Machaon.
- ƙasa ƙarƙashin fallow;
- dogayen ciyawa da ciyayi jika;
- wuraren shakatawa na birni da tsaunuka;
- gonakin noma da gonakin itatuwa.
Duk da haka, kwarin na iya yin ƙaura kuma ya tashi har cikin birni.
Ration
Babban shukar fodder a cikin hamada da ciyayi na Asiya shine tsutsa.
A tsakiyar layi, swallowtail yana ci:
- karas da hogweed;
- Dill, faski, Fennel;
- seleri, barkono, cumin;
- cinya.
A wasu yankuna, abincin ya ƙunshi:
- Amur karammiski;
- ash-itace mai gashi;
- kowane nau'in ganyen ganye;
- alder.
Babban mutum yana sha nectar, yana tsotse shi tare da taimakon proboscis.
Matakan haɓaka
| Stage 1 | Ƙananan ƙwai masu zagaye suna launin kore-rawaya. Bayan kwanaki 4 - 5 bayan kwanciya, tsutsa (baƙar fata) ta bayyana, wanda ke da haske "warts" da tsakiyar farin tabo a bayansa. |
| Stage 2 | Yayin da yake girma, ƙirar zata zama mai ɗimbin ratsan kore mai laushi da ratsi baƙi zuwa digon orange. Larvae suna cin abinci sosai. Bayan kwanaki 7 sun kai 8-9 mm. |
| Stage 3 | Caterpillars suna cin abinci a kan furanni da ovaries, wani lokacin - ganyen tsire-tsire na fodder. Caterpillars suna riƙe da kyau kuma ba za su iya faɗuwa ba idan an yanke kara kuma an motsa su. |
| Stage 4 | Yana daina cin abinci a ƙarshen ci gaba. Mataki na ƙarshe shine jan hankali. Ya zama chrysalis akan shuka. Lokacin yana rinjayar inuwar chrysalis. |
Mutumin lokacin rani yana da launin rawaya-kore sautunan kuma ci gaba yana faruwa a cikin makonni 3. Winter - launin ruwan kasa, kama da faɗuwar ganye. Yanayin dumi yana ba da damar sake haifuwa zuwa malam buɗe ido.
makiya na halitta
Swallowtails shine tushen abinci don:
- shinkafa oatmeal;
- nonuwa da dare;
- kwari;
- manyan gizo-gizo.
Tsarin tsaro
Caterpillar yana da tsarin kariya. Yana zaune a cikin wani gland da aka sani da osmeterium. Ta iya sanya ƙahoni masu zubewar lemu tare da sirrin rawaya-orange mai ƙamshi mai ƙamshi.
Yawan jama'a da rarrabawa
Wannan nau'in ba ya cikin haɗarin bacewa. Adadin yana raguwa, adadin mutanen da suka balaga ya ragu. Duk da haka, malam buɗe ido yana da yawa a cikin Bahar Rum.
Masana ilimin halaye ba su da bayanai akan adadin adadin ramuka. Ra'ayoyi sun bambanta kan wannan batu. Wasu masana kimiyya suna da'awar cewa akwai nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan 37. Wasu kuma sun ƙidaya sau 2 ƙasa.
ƙarshe
Swallowtail malam buɗe ido, ko da yake tana ciyar da ƙoƙon ciyayi da yawa, ba kwaro bane. Caterpillars kuma suna cin sassan tsire-tsire masu yawa, amma ba sa haifar da lahani mai yawa. Yawancin mutane ba su bayyana ba, saboda adadi mai yawa suna cin tsuntsaye.
A baya
Muna da swallowtails tare da farin bango na fuka-fuki a yankin Volga. Tsiran da suka fi so shine vetch.