Mun samu 17 abubuwa masu ban sha'awa game da albatrosses
Masters na Gliding
Albatrosses suna daga cikin mafi girma tsuntsaye ta fuskar fuka-fuki. Ba su gajiyawa a cikin jirgin, wanda ke tafiyar ɗaruruwan kilomita daga wannan gaɓar teku zuwa wancan, suna yawo. Suna iya tafiya watanni ko ma shekaru ba tare da ziyartar ƙasa ba. Sun daɗe kuma suna da aminci ga abokin tarayya. Suna zaune a yankuna mafi yawan iska na duniya kuma ana iya samun su a kusan dukkanin tekunan duniya.
1
Albatrosses na cikin dangin manyan tsuntsayen teku - albatrosses (Diomedeidae), tsari na tsuntsaye masu hanci.
Piper noses suna da siffofi masu fasali:
- babban baki mai hanci tubular wanda ta cikinsa ake zubar da gishiri da yawa.
- wadannan su ne kawai jariran tsuntsaye (fassarar tafin hannu da raguwar wasu kasusuwa) masu jin kamshi,
- saki wani abu mai kamshi,
- An haɗa yatsun gaba uku ta yanar gizo,
- Jirginsu a kan ruwa yana tafiya, kuma a kan ƙasa jirginsu yana aiki kuma yana ɗan gajeren lokaci.
2
Albatrosses suna ciyar da yawancin rayuwarsu sama da tekuna da buɗaɗɗen teku.
Ana samun su a kan Kudancin Tekun (Tekun Antarctic, Kudancin Glacial Ocean), Kudancin Atlantic da Tekun Indiya, da Arewaci da Kudancin Tekun Pacific. A da, albatross ma ya zauna a Bermuda, kamar yadda burbushin halittu suka tabbatar a wurin.
3
Akwai nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan guda hudu a cikin dangin albatross: Phoebastria, Diomedea, Phoebetria da Thalassarche.
- A cikin ilimin Phobastria ya hada da masu zuwa: Jususky-fuskantar, baƙar fata, ƙafa, Galapagos da ɗan gajeren zango.
- Zuwa jinsin Diomedea: albatross na sarauta da albatross mai yawo.
- Zuwa jinsin Phoebetria: launin ruwan kasa da albatross.
- Zuwa jinsin Thalassarche: mai launin rawaya, mai launin toka, mai launin baki, farar gaba, launin toka, launin toka da launin toka mai goyan bayan albatrosses.
4
Albatrosses suna da jiki mai kauri 71-135 cm tsayi.
Suna da katon baki mai maƙarƙashiya mai tsayi da fikafikai masu tsayi amma kunkuntar.
5
Wadannan tsuntsaye yawanci farare ne tare da alamar baki ko launin ruwan kasa.
Albatrosses na asalin Phoebetria ne kawai ke da launin duhu iri ɗaya.
6
A cewar mujallar Thermal Biology, binciken da aka yi a baya-bayan nan da jirgi mara matuki ya ba da bayanin da ba zato ba tsammani game da sirrin launin fata na albatross.
Fuka-fukan Albatross fari ne a ƙasa kuma baƙar fata a sama (misali, albatross mai yawo). An ɗauka cewa launin sautin biyu shine kama (tsuntsaye mai tashi ba a iya gani daga ƙasa da sama). A halin da ake ciki, masana kimiyya a Jami'ar Jihar New Mexico sun gano cewa fuka-fuki masu sauti biyu suna da ƙarin ɗagawa da ƙarancin ja. Babban saman baƙar fata yana ɗaukar hasken rana yadda ya kamata kuma yana zafi sama da digiri 10 sama da ƙasa. Wannan yana rage karfin iska a saman saman reshe, wanda ke rage jawar iska kuma yana ƙara ɗagawa. Masana kimiyya sun yi niyyar yin amfani da wannan tasirin da aka gano don ƙirƙirar jirage marasa matuki da ake amfani da su a cikin teku.
7
Albatrosses suna da kyau gliders.
Godiya ga dogayen fuka-fukan su, kunkuntar fuka-fuki, lokacin da iska ta yi daidai, za su iya zama a cikin iska na sa'o'i. Suna ciyar da lokaci mara iska a saman ruwa saboda suma ƙwararrun masu ninkaya ne. Lokacin da suke yawo, sai su kulle fikafikansu, su kama iska kuma su yi sama da sama, sa'an nan su hau kan teku.
8
Babban albatross na iya tashi mita 15. km don kawo abinci ga kajin ku.
Yawo a kusa da teku ba babban abin alfahari ba ne ga wannan tsuntsu. Albatross mai shekaru hamsin mai yiwuwa ya yi tafiyar kilomita miliyan 6 a kalla. Suna tashi da iska ba tare da sun kaɗa fikafikansu ba. Waɗanda suke so su yi yaƙi da iska suna tashi tare da igiyoyin iska, suna sanya cikinsu sama da gangare a gefen iska, sannan su taso ƙasa. Suna amfani da ƙarfin iska da nauyi kuma suna motsawa cikin sauƙi.
9
Albatross mai yawo ( Diomedea exulans) yana da mafi girman fikafikan kowane tsuntsu mai rai (251-350 cm).
Mutumin rikodin yana da fikafikan fuka-fuki na 370 cm. Andean condors suna da irin wannan fuka-fuki (amma karami) (260-320 cm).
10
Albatrosses suna ciyarwa a cikin buɗaɗɗen teku, amma a lokacin lokacin kiwo ne kawai za su iya ciyar da kan shiryayye.
Suna ciyar da squid da kifi, amma kuma suna cin crustaceans da gawa. Suna cin ganima daga saman ruwa ko a ƙarƙashinsa. Wani lokaci suna nutsewa a ƙasa da ƙasa na ruwa, 2-5 m ƙasa. Har ila yau, suna ciyarwa a tashar jiragen ruwa da matsi, kuma suna samun abinci a cikin magudanar ruwa da kuma cikin sharar kifin da ake zubarwa daga jiragen ruwa. Sau da yawa sukan bi kwale-kwale suna nutsewa don kwato, wanda sau da yawa yakan ƙare musu da bala'i, saboda suna iya nutsewa idan sun kama cikin layin kamun kifi.
11
Albatrosses suna ciyar da mafi ƙarancin lokaci a ƙasa; wannan yana faruwa a lokacin kiwo.
Saukowa akan ƙasa mai ƙarfi yana da wahala a gare su saboda suna da gajerun ƙafafu, halayen tsuntsayen teku.
12
Albatrosses suna haifuwa bayan shekaru 5-10 na rayuwa.
Albatross mai yawo yana da 7, har zuwa shekaru 11. Albatross, wanda ya kai ƙarfin haihuwa, yana komawa ƙasa a lokacin lokacin jima'i bayan ya shafe lokaci a cikin teku. Da farko, wannan kwarkwata ce kawai, wanda har yanzu bai nuna alamar dangantaka ta dindindin ba, amma yana wakiltar horarwa a cikin ƙwarewar zamantakewa. Tsuntsaye suna tashi, suna shimfiɗa wutsiyoyinsu, suna kwaɗa wuyansu, suna rungumar juna da baki, suna jaddada waɗannan abubuwan da ke ba da gudummawa ga haihuwa. Ƙaddamarwa na iya ɗaukar har zuwa shekaru biyu. Wadannan tsuntsaye, wadanda "haɗin gwiwa" ya fi tsayi, suna ciyar da lokaci mai yawa a rungume, suna ba da tausayi, suna kula da gashin gashin kansu da wuyansa.
13
Alakar Albatross tana dawwama a rayuwa, amma idan ya cancanta, za su iya samun sabon abokin tarayya idan sun rayu na farko.
Lokacin kiwo na albatrosses yana ɗaukar duk shekara, don haka yawancin tsuntsaye suna haihu sau ɗaya kowace shekara biyu. Haihuwa yana farawa a lokacin rani kuma duka sake zagayowar yana ɗaukar kimanin watanni 11. Bayan da aka haɗe, macen tana yin babban kwai mai girma (matsakaicin nauyi 490 g). Matar da kanta tana gina gida, wanda yake da siffar tudun ciyawa da gansakuka. Cututtuka yawanci yana ɗaukar kwanaki 78. Bayan kyankyasai, iyayen biyu suna kula da kajin. Matasan albatrosses masu yawo sun ƙaura a matsakaicin kwanaki 278 bayan ƙyanƙyashe. Manya-manyan albatrosses suna ciyar da kajin su suna mayar da abincinsu mai kauri. Lokacin da ɗaya daga cikin iyayen ya bayyana, kajin ta ɗaga baki a diagonal kuma iyayen suna fesa rafi na mai. Ciyarwar tana ɗaukar kusan kwata na awa ɗaya, kuma adadin abincin ya kai kashi uku na nauyin kajin. Ciyarwar na gaba na iya ɗaukar makonni da yawa. A wannan lokacin, kajin na girma sosai, ta yadda iyaye za su iya gane shi kawai ta hanyar muryarsa ko kamshinsa, amma ba ta bayyanarsa ba.
14
Albatrosses tsuntsaye ne masu tsayi da yawa, yawanci suna rayuwa har zuwa shekaru 40-50.
Kwanan nan, bayanai sun bayyana game da wata mata mai suna Wisdom, mai shekaru 70 da haihuwa, kuma ta wuce yawan abokan aurenta da ma wani masanin halittu da ya fara hada mata aure a shekarar 1956. Wannan macen ta sake haihuwa. Chicken, wanda aka yi la'akari da "tsohuwar tsuntsun daji mafi tsufa a tarihi," an haife shi a farkon Fabrairu 2021 a kan Midway Atoll ta Hawaii (tsibirin mai nisan kilomita 6 kawai gida ne ga mafi girman yankin kiwo na albatrosses, wanda ya kai kusan mutane 2). miliyan nau'i-nau'i) ajiyar yanayi ne na ƙasa a Arewacin Pacific. Mahaifin kajin shine abokin aikin Wisdom Akeakamay, wanda matar ta kasance tare da ita tun tana da shekaru 2010. An kuma kiyasta cewa Hikima ta haifi sama da kaji XNUMX a rayuwarta.
15
Baya ga albatrosses, aku, musamman kyankyasai, ba su da yawa tsuntsaye masu tsayi.
Sau da yawa suna rayuwa har tsawon shekaru kuma suna aiki ta hanyar haihuwa har zuwa ƙarshe. Masana kimiyya sun kiyasta cewa a cikin zaman talala za su iya rayuwa kimanin shekaru 90, kuma a cikin daji - kimanin 40.
16
Yawancin nau'in albatross suna cikin haɗarin bacewa.
Ƙungiyar Ƙasa ta Duniya don Kare Halitta (IUCN) ta ware nau'i ɗaya kawai, albatross mai launin baki, a matsayin mafi damuwa.
17
Ma’aikatan jirgin ruwa na dā sun gaskata cewa an sake haifuwar rayukan ma’aikatan jirgin ruwa a cikin jikin albatrosses domin su kammala tafiyarsu ta duniya zuwa duniyar alloli.
Na gaba
Супер
0
Yana da ban sha'awa
0
Talauci
0
Tattaunawa