Butterflies - wane irin kwari ne su? Nemo bayanai masu ban sha'awa game da kyawawan baƙi na lambun.

Butterflies sun kasance suna sha'awar mutane da bambancinsu da kyawun su. A cikin wannan labarin, za mu dubi duniyarsu - rayuwa, al'adu da sirrin da ke ɓoye a bayan fuka-fuki masu launi. Me kuke bukata ku sani game da su?

Butterflies kyawawan halittu ne kuma iri-iri.

Butterflies na ɗaya daga cikin kyawawan kwari waɗanda za mu iya samu a cikin lambuna, wuraren shakatawa da makiyaya. Rayuwarsu mai cike da sauye-sauye da abubuwan al'ajabi, tana da ban sha'awa kamar nau'ikan launukansu. Manyan malam buɗe ido suna cin abinci da farko akan nectar fure, amma wasu nau'ikan na iya ciyar da gawa ko 'ya'yan itace cikakke!

Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa na iya zama cewa akwai nau'ikan butterflies har zuwa 150 3 da ke zaune a duk faɗin duniya. A Poland zaka iya samun game da yanayin xnumx na bututun ƙarfe na Diulllies. Wasu daga cikin shahararrun su ne malam buɗe ido, sarauniya swallowtail da lemun tsami budworm. Har ila yau, ƙasarmu tana da wakilai da yawa na malam buɗe ido, irin su moths.

Anatomy da Physiology - fahimtar tsarin malam buɗe ido

Butterflies halittu ne masu sauƙin tsarin jiki:

• Kirjin malam buɗe ido shine ɓangaren jiki wanda aka haɗa fikafikai biyu zuwa gare shi. Wannan shi ne sashin tsakiya na jikinsu, wanda ya rabu da kai da ciki;
• an rufe fuka-fuki tare da ma'auni na microscopic, yana ba su launuka masu ban mamaki da alamu;
• An daidaita kafafun malam buɗe ido don tafiya da kuma kamawa, kuma sassan baki (a cikin nau'i na kofin tsotsa) suna ba su damar tattara abinci, yawanci nectar daga furanni.

Zagayowar rayuwar malam buɗe ido

Mace malam buɗe ido suna sanya ƙwai akan shuke-shuke (kwayoyin rana) ko a cikin damuwa da fashe a cikin haushi (asu na dare). Larvae yana ƙyanƙyashe daga gare su - a cikin matakan tsutsa, waɗannan kwari suna cin abinci sosai a sassa daban-daban na tsire-tsire. Caterpillars na malam buɗe ido suna da taushin jiki da ƙaƙƙarfan sassan baki waɗanda ke da ikon tauna sassan tsiro masu laushi. Bayan wani lokaci, suna shiga matakin pupal, inda metamorphosis ke faruwa. Sa'an nan kuma caterpillar ya rufe a cikin cuticle kuma ya canza tsarinsa.

Faruwa da hali. Rayuwar malam buɗe ido a wurare daban-daban

Ana iya samun butterflies a sassa daban-daban na duniya, dangane da nau'in, wasu sun fi son yanayi mai dumi wasu kuma yanayin sanyi. Nahiya daya tilo da wadannan kwari ba su wanzu ita ce Antarctica. Wasu malam buɗe ido suna ƙaura kuma suna iya tafiya dubban kilomita don neman yanayi masu dacewa don rayuwa da haifuwa. Abin sha'awa, wasu suna rayuwa ne 'yan kwanaki kaɗan, yayin da wasu na iya rayuwa har zuwa watanni da yawa.

A Poland za ku iya samun nau'ikan nau'ikan butterflies, waɗanda galibi suna ciyar da wasu nau'ikan tsire-tsire. Swallowtail caterpillars suna ciyar da ganyen nettle, yayin da malam buɗe ido ya fi son milkweed. Bugu da kari, Poland gida ne ga wasu nau'ikan, ciki har da asu na bakin ciki.

Matsayi a cikin yanayin muhalli da kariya. Me ya sa ya kamata mu kare malam buɗe ido?

Butterflies suna yin aiki mai mahimmanci a cikin yanayin halittu a matsayin masu pollinators na nau'ikan tsire-tsire masu yawa. Har ila yau, su ne muhimmin kashi na sarkar abinci, suna hidima a matsayin abinci ga yawancin nau'in tsuntsaye da sauran mafarauta. Abin baƙin ciki shine, al'ummar malam buɗe ido suna fuskantar barazana saboda sauyin yanayi, gurɓata yanayi da asarar muhalli.

Don haka, kula da lambuna da ciyayi da ke gida ga nau'ikan malam buɗe ido da yawa yana da matuƙar mahimmanci. Lambun da ke cike da furanni iri-iri da ke samar da nectar ga malam buɗe ido na iya zama wuri mai kyau don lura da waɗannan kyawawan kwari. Bugu da ƙari, butterflies kuma suna ciyar da pollen, wanda ke taimakawa wajen pollination da haifuwa na nau'in tsire-tsire masu yawa, wanda ya zama dole don daidaita yanayin yanayin.

Ta yaya za mu iya yin aikinmu don kare malam buɗe ido a muhallinmu?

Don yin aikin ku don kare malam buɗe ido, zaku iya farawa ta hanyar ƙirƙirar sararin samaniya mai dacewa da malam buɗe ido a cikin lambun ku ko baranda. Ana iya yin haka ta hanyar dasa tsire-tsire waɗanda ke ba da abinci ga caterpillars da manyan malam buɗe ido. Bugu da ƙari, za ku iya guje wa amfani da magungunan kashe qwari da sinadarai na lambu waɗanda ke cutar da malam buɗe ido. Ƙarfafa al'ummomin yankin don kare wuraren zama na malam buɗe ido da kuma ilimantar da su game da mahimmancin waɗannan kwari ga muhallin na iya zama hanyoyi masu inganci don kare su.

5 abubuwa masu ban sha'awa game da butterflies - darajan sani!

Mutane kaɗan ne suka san yadda waɗannan kwari suke da ban sha'awa! Wasu daga cikinsu suna da ƙwarewa waɗanda ke da wahalar tuhuma:

1. Suna da ƙwarewar kewayawa mai ban mamaki. Wasu nau'in malam buɗe ido, irin su sarki, an san su da ƙaura mai ban sha'awa, wanda ya kai dubban kilomita. Suna iya samun hanyarsu yayin tafiya mai nisa.
2. Suna sadarwa ta amfani da fikafikan su. Butterflies suna sadarwa da juna ta hanyoyi daban-daban, kuma yawanci suna amfani da fikafikan su don sadarwa tsakanin nau'ikan. Godiya gare su, suna watsa bayanai game da yiwuwar barazana, dakatar da harin wasu dabbobi.
3. Suna iya shawagi a cikin iska kamar hummingbirds. Butterflies daga dangin malam buɗe ido suna alfahari da wannan ikon. Yayin da ake tattara nectar, suna tsayawa a cikin iska ta hanyar murɗa fikafikan su har sau 5 a cikin minti ɗaya.
4. An sanye su da sassan baki na musamman. Manya-manyan malam buɗe ido suna da sassan baki masu karkace da ke ba su damar samun abinci a cikin ruwa kuma suna cinye ruwan fulawa da ruwan 'ya'yan itace. Lokacin da ba a amfani da wannan tsotsa, ya kasance yana murƙushe a wuri na musamman akan kan malam buɗe ido.
5. Babbar malam buɗe ido a duniya ita ce asu da ake kira farar shedan malam buɗe ido. Tsawon fuka-fukinsa ya kai santimita 30!

Butterflies halittu ne masu ban sha'awa da ban sha'awa waɗanda ke da mahimmancin duniyar mu ta halitta. Rayuwarsu, cike da sauye-sauye da sauye-sauye na ban mamaki, shaida ne na ban mamaki bambancin da kyawun yanayi. Kula da kariyar su da fahimtar rawar da suke takawa a cikin yanayin yanayin ya kamata ya taimaka adana kyawawan kayan adon rayuwa na duniyarmu don al'ummomi masu zuwa. Gano duniyar malam buɗe ido kuma wata dama ce ta koyan sabon abu da samun kusanci da yanayi.